How to make industrial ventilation systems and their efficiency (case study)

¹ National Institute for Research and Development in Mine Safety and Protection to Explosion – INSEMEX, 32-34 G-ral Vasile Milea Street, Petroșani, Hunedoara, Romania
² University of Petrosani – 20, University Street, Petroșani, Hunedoara, Romania

^* Corresponding author: rzavan.dragoescu@insemex.ro

Abstract

The role of a ventilation system is to establish or maintain conditions of temperature, humidity, dust content and gaseous products compatible with a certain degree of comfort, in the presence of various external inputs, respecting the noise level and air speed compatible with this comfort. In order to obtain prescribed (previously fixed) temperature, pressure and humidity conditions in ventilated premises, the air must first be subjected to a complex treatment process, a process that may include heating, cooling, humidification, dehumidification, filtration, etc. Technological processes are accompanied by significant releases of gases, vapors, dusts with toxic effects on the human body, noise, vibrations, radiation (ultrashort, nuclear, laser type, etc.). The quality of air in workplaces has a major influence on the health of workers, and it is important to keep pollutant emissions under control. The main industrial processes that emit noxious substances are:

- steel companies, which emit: dusts with a high metal content, iron oxides, silicon dioxide, manganese, phenols, polycyclic organic compounds;

- non-ferrous metal companies, which emit dusts, oxides of lead, zinc, arsenic, cadmium, mercury;

- chemical companies of inorganic products, release gases containing: sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrofluoric acid, chlorine, acid vapors, ammonia, solid particles;

- chemical companies of organic products, emit: solvents, phenols, mercaptans, pesticides;

- pulp and paper companies, emit: dusts, sulfur dioxide, mercaptans, hydrogen sulfide, etc.;

- food industry enterprises release solid particles, ammonia, pathogenic germs, etc. into the air.